Garnet is a group of silicate minerals with the general formula X₃Y₂(SiO₄)₃, where X and Y are metal ions like iron, aluminum, magnesium, and calcium. It occurs in a variety of colors, including red, green, yellow, and brown, depending on the specific type of garnet. The most common variety is almandine, which is typically red. Garnet has a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7.5, making it durable and suitable for use in jewelry and abrasives. It is found in various regions, including India, Africa, Sri Lanka, and the United States.